TL;DR - The tertiary education sector in Australia is bloated. We're heading down a path where you'll need a degree to be a barista [a person who makes coffee, not a lawyer].
I have no issue with HECS either.
And, from an economics perspective, user pays tends to be reasonably fair (there are exceptions to this, but as a general rule).
But, imo, HECS is just a small part of what I consider to be a much larger problem - and that problem is the economic model of our tertiary education system.
Back in the day (Pre Dawkins) you had a relatively small number of universities - the Go8, and some newer unis like GU, UNE, Newcastle, UoW, Macq, Deakin, Flinders, James Cook, Murdoch etc - and everyone else was an "Institute of Technology" (IT), a "College of Advanced Education" (CAE), an "Institute of Advanced Education" (IAE), etc.
And then Dawkins came along and they all converted into universities... QUT, USQ, CQU, SCU (first UNE-NR), CSU, UTS, UWS, UNISA, RMIT University, Curtin, etc
And instead of their being a demarcation (of sorts) between universities and "the rest" - all of a sudden they were all universities and all playing on the same field....
HECS + Dawkins = perfect combination of increased demand and increased supply.
And the sector boomed (some might say it got fat)....
How many MBAs are on offer now?
(Admittedly only a couple have any cache)
How many law schools does Australia now have?
And, over time, as successive governments have moved the sector more and more down the road of being market-based.... fees and enrollments have increased....
And, what has happened is what could be called "qualification inflation" (where more and more people are better educated - and the bar is raised constantly on entry qualifications).
My brother did his HSC in 1985. It was quite common for people to leave school at the end of Year 10 or Year 11 and do apprenticeships, or start work in a bank or whatever.... His cohort of HSC students was < 50.
I went to the same high school (HSC in 1993) and even though the overall size of the school had dropped since my brothers days - my HSC class was > 150.
Even in that 8 years a lot less kids left school. They stayed on and did their HSC even though most had no plans to ever go to university....
Degrees have become the norm.
Masters degrees are now extremely common (especially faux ones like the MTeach and MProfAcc).
The Law degree is in utter oversupply (afaik <50% of law grads ever practice).
And even the days of the LLB now seem numbered (a growing number of universities now instead offer the JD - maybe because it sounds better and they can charge more fees?)
As far back as 1998 I recall saying to my Labour Economics teacher at UNE that I thought the sector was in oversupply and that the "returns to education" (in financial terms) would fall.
Long story short....
And dare I say it... (and I have the benefit of a university education, so I appreciate the hypocrisy)
.... too many people go to university.
But... I don't know if it is possible to rewind that clock.